Device for feeding explosion engines having an over-high pressure of compression



Jan. 24, 1933. GENETY 1,895,381

DEVICE FOR FEEDING EXPLOSION ENGINES HAVING AN OVER-HIGH PRESSURE OF COMPRESSION Filed Dec. 27, 1929 02W. 7. mz/g/la Patented Jan. 24, 1933 l UNITED STATES reases-1;

LOUIS MARIE rRAnoors GENETY, or rears; rnnnon I DEVICE FOR FEEDING EXPLOSION ENGINES-HAVING AN OVER-HIGH rnnssunn' or 'COMPBESSION' x q Application filed December 27, 1929, Serial a). 416,963, and in France arm 5 i929.

The present invention relates to the feeding of explosion engines having an overhigh compression, that is to say of engines in which the pressure, at the end of the compression, reaches a value too high. for emabling them to work and to be normally used under full load, at low altitude, with the usual mixture of pure air. V

The invention has for object an improved device the application of which to explosion engines allows such engines to work under a high compression, and which is characterized by the interposition, between the exhaust pipe line and the feeding air intake,

of a conduit, in order to substitute a cer-' tain proportion of burnt gases to the atmospheric air introduced, or to add a certain to the various conditions of construction or utilization of the engines.

The single figure of the accompanying,

drawing is a diagrammatic plan view of a, form oi. carrying out the invention applied to a motor car engine.

The conduit must be capable to fulfill its function and in particular to satisfy the four previous conditions, either by its nature, its shape and its dimensions. 7

The expansion of he burnt gases must be as complete as possible, in order that their pressure should be near (above or below) a mospheric pressure. This expansion can be easily insured for instance by means of pressure reducing apparatus, such as exhaust mufflers as used on motor cars. If the ex haust pipe line is already provided with a pressure reducing apparatus, it usually suffices to admit the burnt gases on the down side of this apparatus for obtaininga sufficient extension. The expansion can be completed by a special pressure reducing device, of anytype (exhaust mufiler forming a portion of the conduit. For the same purpose, '5.

Ne 0mm the said conduitxcan'be also throttled at its inlet end, or at one, or more other points, by. means fixed or variable diaphragms, cali-T The. dimensions and shape oftheconduitare preferablyso chosen as to facilitate, control orcQmpletethe brated orifices, or valves.

expansion; A

In the example illustrated in thedrawing,

1 designates theconduit having one end connected, as at 2," to the air inletofthe carburettor'3 of the engine 4:, the other end;

thereof being connected, as at 5, to the exhaust pipe 6, below themufiler '7. Thediaphragins 8 and 9 are respectively provided at 2 and S-andthe sectionsof free passage-ways they allow are perfectlydetermined and can 1 be fixed or adjustable. i

The temperature of the burnt gases is loweredsimply by the expansion. Sometimes it I may be necessary to arrange, at certainpoints ofthe conduit or on the exhaust pipe line, special members such, for-instance, as tubes,

air or water radiators, for. efiecting, completing or controlling the lowering of the tern perature to a certain point. In any case, the temperature must not be lowered below a certain degree, in order that the water-vapour shouldlnot be condensed,this water vapour 7 being one of the elements contained in the burnt gases, This condition is very. important,as water vapour plays-a very important part-during the periods of suction, of,com-

pression and particularly, during theperiod of combustion. The condensations of-water by cooling .of'the burnt gases wouldmodify the water vapour content and 'wouldthus simplyby the dimensions, shape, nature and posit on of the connecting enclosure.

The mixing of theburnt gases the 1100 hinder theproper'operationof the entire de- I tained or only-facilitated o-rqcompleted feed air must be as perfect and homogeneous buretor, and apertured diaphragms mounted as possible. It can be effected in any mixing in the conduit. -apparatus (provided with'Venturi tubes or bafiie plates, etc). If the engine is provided with a carburettor, the conduit can open in theair. intake of the carburettor itself, or

in the air feeding pipe, and the diffuser of the said carburettor constitutes more often a very efficient and satisfactory mixer. The

measurement of the proportion of burnt gases important. It is controlled according-to the.

mixed with the pure air introduced is very pressure of compression used in the engine, so as to prevent the phenomena of detonation 'and'self-ignition, and the abnormal rise of the temperature of theexplosion.

The so-called explosion engines, of the two or four cycle type to which the device described is applicable are, to the exclusion of In testimony whereof I have signed this I specification.

the Y others, those the adiabatic pressure of v V V which, at the end of the compression, reaches a value higher than usual, so that if they were fed at a low altitude with the usual mixture of pure atmospheric air and carburetting agent, they could not operate under full'load 'without presenting inconveniences, such as" phenomena of detonation and self-ignition,

excessive over heating, etc., and, consequently they could not be used in a practical manner. For each kind ofcarburetting agent and each categoryo'r typeof engines, a limit pressure of compression exists, below which the mixture of pure atmospheric air and ear- ,buretting agent no longer allows of ensuring the normal operation of explosion engines. It is of course assumed that the design and construction of the engines have been judiciously carried out and that no defects exist,

-such for instance as hot points, ca-pable'of bee 'to secureby Letters Patent is causing the above mentioned inconveniences at a pressure of compression lower than the said limit pressure. r y

The devicedescribed allows, owing to the presence of the burnt gases in the gaseous mixture, to exceed this limit pressure without being prejudicious to the proper operation of the engine. r

What I claim as my invention and desire r 1; The combination with. an internal com;

bustion engine and its exhaust pipe, of a conduit affording communication between the exhaust pipe and the air intake pipe of the bustion engine and its exhaust pipe, of a muffler connectedin the exhaust pipe, a conduit having one endconnected to the exhaust V pipe near the discharge end of'the muflier,

the other end of the conduit being connected Wltll the air intake pipe of the engine car- 

